Bio-Foam Kaliandra: A Portable Fire Extinguisher Innovation Based on Waste Cooking Oil for Household Fire Mitigation: Bio-Foam Kaliandra: Inovasi APAR Portabel Berbasis Minyak Jelantah untuk Mitigasi Kebakaran Rumah Tangga

Muhammad Akbar Syahputra

doi:10.30872/71eg1s55

Authors

Muhammad Akbar Syahputra Politeknik Negeri Samarinda

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30872/71eg1s55

Keywords:

Portable fire extinguisher; bio-foam; waste cooking oil; fire mitigation; soap based surfactant

Abstract

Dense residential areas face a high risk of household fires due to limited access to firefighting services and the lack of early-stage fire suppression facilities at the household level. Meanwhile, waste cooking oil generated from households remains underutilized and poses potential environmental pollution. This study aims to develop an innovation framework for a portable fire extinguisher (APAR) based on bio-foam formulated from soap-based surfactants derived from waste cooking oil as an effort for early-stage fire mitigation. The method includes community-based fire mitigation education, formulation of Bio-Foam Kaliandra through a saponification process, small-scale fire extinguishing simulations, and evaluation based on community feedback. The results indicate that the produced bio-foam has the potential to serve as an alternative extinguishing medium by forming a stable foam layer that suppresses oxygen supply, reduces temperature, and decreases fire intensity. In addition, the evaluation results show an improvement in community understanding and a positive level of acceptance toward this innovation. The novelty of this study lies in integrating household waste management with community-based fire mitigation through a simple, applicable, and locally resource-based technology. This innovation not only provides an alternative early fire suppression tool but also adds value to waste cooking oil as a sustainable waste-to-product solution. Overall, Bio-Foam Kaliandra demonstrates strong potential to enhance community preparedness in responding to household fires and to support the development of sustainable and replicable community-based disaster mitigation programs.

References

Bakhri, S., Jaya, F., Gusnawati, Anafsia, W.U., Auliah, N.A. Proses Saponifikasi Berbasis Minyak Jelantah Untuk Pembuatan Hand Soap Antibakteri. Journal of Comprehensive Science, 2022, 1(4), 883–884.

Faimi, S.N., Tampubolon, B.I. Estimasi Nilai Manfaat Ekonomi Pengelolaan Minyak Jelantah Rumah Tangga di Kampung Kebon Kopi, Desa Cibanteng, Kabupaten Bogor. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural, Resource and Environmental Economics, 2023, 2(2), 100–109.

Islam, R., Lattimer, B.Y. Understanding the Impact of Fuel on Surfactant Microstructure of Firefighting Foam. Fire Technology, 2024, 60, 3413-3441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-024-01577-x

Kim, T., Park, T., Park, J., Yang, J., Han, D., Lee, B., Kwon, J. Thermal Characteristics Of Fire Extinguishing Agents İn Compartment Fire Suppression. Science Progress, 2024, 107(3), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504241263435

Li, Z., Zhu, H., Qiu, F., Zhao, J., Tian, C. Experiment Study on the Effectiveness of Various and Mixed Kinds of Low Expansion Foam of 120# Gasoline Pool Fire Suppression. Fire, 2023, 6(121), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6030121

Liu, C., Li, G., Lu, S. Brief Introduction on Advances in Fire Suppression. Fire, 2024, 7(309), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire7090309

Ma, R., Gusfarenie, D., Novallyan, D., Riany, H., Nuraida, N., Gusriani, N., Wandari, I. Pemanfaatan Minyak Jelantah Skala Rumah Tangga untuk Pembuatan Sabun sebagai Bentuk Peduli Lingkungan. Jurnal Solma, 2024, 13(3), 2131–2138.

Marfuah, U., Sunardi, D., Dewi, A.P. Pelatihan Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kebakaran Untuk Warga RT 08 RW 09 Kelurahan Kebon Pala Kecamatan Makasar Jakarta Timur. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Teknik, 2020, 3(1), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.24853/jpmt.3.1.7-16

Pedieu, R., Bentis, A., Riedl, B., Wang, X., Deng, J., Braghiroli, F.L., Koubaa, A. Enhancing Fire Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Wood Strand Boards by Impregnation with Sodium Bicarbonate and Sodium Borate. Polymer, 2025, 17(21), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17212943

Zamanis, A.T., Evgenidis, S.P., Karapantsios, T.D., Kostoglou, M. An Innovative Approach for Assessing Foam Stability Based on Electrical Conductivity Measurements of Liquid Films. Colloids and Interfaces, 2025, 9(4). 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids9040052