Digital Consent Anak di Bawah Umur: Batas Etis dan Hukum dalam Persetujuan terhadap Monetisasi Konten
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30872/dohgisin.v2i1.3050Keywords:
hak anak, dunia digital, influencer, etika dan hukum, perlindunganAbstract
Fenomena anak di bawah umur sebagai konten kreator di media sosial memunculkan tantangan baru dalam dunia hukum, khususnya terkait persetujuan digital (digital consent) atas publikasi dan monetisasi konten yang melibatkan anak sebagai subjek utama. Dalam banyak kasus, persetujuan diberikan oleh orang tua atau wali, tanpa keterlibatan langsung dari anak, yang secara hukum belum cakap untuk menyatakan kehendaknya sendiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif/doktrinal, yaitu dengan menelaah prinsip, asas, dan norma hukum positif yang berlaku, terutama dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak, Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (ITE), dan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi. Penelitian ini juga mengkaji konsep the best interest of the child dalam perspektif hukum sebagai pijakan utama dalam pembentukan kebijakan perlindungan anak di ranah digital. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan belum adanya pengaturan hukum yang spesifik dan komprehensif mengenai validitas persetujuan digital anak dalam aktivitas ekonomi berbasis media sosial. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan perumusan norma hukum baru yang menjamin perlindungan anak dari potensi eksploitasi digital, serta mekanisme partisipasi anak dalam pemberian persetujuan atas konten yang menyangkut hak dan kepentingannya di dunia maya.
Downloads
References
Andiani, F. N., & Wiraguna, S. A. (2025). Pelindungan Data Pribadi Anak di TikTok : Kajian Hukum terhadap Penggunaan Media Sosial oleh Pengguna di Bawah Umur. ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum Dan Humaniora, 3(2), 252–261. https://doi.org/10.59246/aladalah.v3i2.1314
Auxier, B., Anderson, M., Perrin, A., & Turner, E. (2020). Parenting Children in the Age of Screens. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2020/07/28/parenting-children-in-the-age-of-screens/
Bragg, S., Buckingham, D., & Kehily, M. J. (2022). Childhood and Celebrity in the Era of Social Media. Routledge.
Faza, A. S. A., Rosadi, S. D., & Rubiati, B. (2024). The Urgency of Protecting the Privacy Rights of Kidfluencers on Social Media in Indonesia in Relation to the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child. Jurnal Hukum Sehasen, 10(2), 517–524. https://doi.org/10.37676/jhs.v10i2.6884
Federal Trade Commission. (2012). Mobile Apps for Kids: Disclosures Still Not Making the Grade. https://www.ftc.gov/sites/default/files/documents/reports/mobile-apps-kids-disclosures-still-not-making-grade/121210mobilekidsappreport.pdf
Garry, G., & Harefa, B. (2024). Perlindungan Hukum Anak Korban Eksploitasi Sebagai Publik Figur di Media Sosial. Jurnal USM Law Review, 7(1), 129–143. https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v7i1.7850
Information Commissioner’s Office. (2020). Age appropriate design: A code of practice for online services. https://www.pdpjournals.com/docs/888024.pdf
Kamilah, S. R., & Achmad, Z. A. (2024). Mendidik Anak di Era Digital: Peran Konten @claycliffhartono untuk Kesadaran Parenting. Jurnal Nomosleca, 10(2), 237–248. https://jurnal.unmer.ac.id/index.php/n/article/view/13466
Kojok, B. (2022). Reinventing Child Labour: A Contemporary Analysis of Children’s Participation in the Digital Labour Economy [University of Windsor]. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1264&context=major-papers
Legifrance. (2020). LOI no 2020-1266 du 19 octobre 2020 visant à encadrer l’exploitation commerciale de l’image d’enfants de moins de seize ans sur les plateformes en ligne (1). https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000042439054
Lestari, N. D., Indahsari, D. A., Ramadhan, I. A., Khasanah, A. R., Zhurifa, A., & Sukmono, F. G. (2024). Analisis Isi Konten Komersialisasi Kidfluencers pada Akun TikTok @abe_daily. Jurnal Audiens, 5(2), 318–333. https://journalaudiens.umy.ac.id/index.php/ja/article/view/370
Livingstone, S., & Blum-Ross, A. (2020). Parenting for a Digital Future. Oxford University Press.
Martinelli, I., Wibowo, S. H., Andreas, G. F. M., & Fae, M. O. (2024). Penggunaan Click-Wrap Agreement Pada E-Commerce: Tinjauan Terhadap Keabsahannya Sebagai Bentuk Perjanjian Elektronik. Jurnal Supremasi, 14(1), 73–86. https://doi.org/10.35457/supremasi.v14i1.2797
Marzuki, P. M. (2007). Penelitian Hukum. Kencana Prenada Group.
Pebriani, M., & Darmiyanti, A. (2024). Pengaruh Media Sosial terhadap Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 1(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.47134/paud.v1i3.556
Perdana, R. G., & Wardani, S. (2023). Pelindungan Hukum terhadap Konten Kreator Anak. Ajudikasi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 7(2), 431–450. https://doi.org/10.30656/ajudikasi.v7i2.7908
Rahman, F. A., Rohmah, M., Rustiani, S., Fatmawati, I. Y., & Zahro, N. A. D. S. (2023). Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Era Digital: Bagaimana Teknologi Mempengaruhi Pembentukan Moral Dan Etika. Journal of Creative Student Research, 1(6), 294–304. https://doi.org/10.55606/jcsrpolitama.v1i6.2975
Sari, C. C. F., & Pratama, Y. (2024). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Eksploitasi Anak Melalui Platform Digital Tiktok. Risalah Hukum, 20(2), 91–101. https://doi.org/10.30872/risalah.v20i2.1592
Siregar, A. J. R., & Firmansyah, H. (2023). Tinjauan Hukum Terhadap Peran Media Sosial dalam Eksploitasi Anak. UNES Law Review, 6(2), 1–8. https://review-unes.com/index.php/law/article/view/1315
Soebandono, S. (2022). Perlindungan hukum terhadap anak sebagai konten kreator di media sosial. Jurnal Hukum Dan Teknologi, 5, 112–129.
Soekanto, S., & Mamudji, S. (2011). Penelitian Hukum Normatif: Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Stoilova, M., Livingstone, S., & Nandagiri, R. (2019). Children’s data and privacy online: Growing up in a digital age. Research findings. London School of Economics and Political Science. https://www.lse.ac.uk/my-privacy-uk/Assets/Documents/Childrens-data-and-privacy-online-report-for-web.pdf
UNICEF. (2017). Children in a Digital World. UNICEF. https://www.unicef.org/uzbekistan/media/711/file/SOWC: Children in a Digital World.pdf
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sulung Nugroho, Suryaningsih Suryaningsih, Amsari Damanik
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This license permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under a CC BY-SA license. The images or other third party material in this work are included under the Creative Commons license unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution: You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- ShareAlike: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions: You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
