Environmental Health Inspection: Sanitation, Lighting, and Noise Levels at Sungai Kunjang and Samarinda Seberang Terminals

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to analyze the sanitation quality of terminals as public spaces from an environmental health perspective. High mobility at terminals increases the risk of environment-borne diseases, while studies integrating sanitation inspections with lighting and noise measurements remain limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the gap between actual sanitation conditions and applicable standards.

Methods: A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted at Sungai Kunjang Terminal and Samarinda Seberang Terminal, Samarinda City, East Kalimantan. Data were collected through direct observation using a sanitation inspection checklist covering four variables: outdoor environmental sanitation, building and space sanitation, sanitation facilities, and comfort and safety. Lighting and noise levels were measured using a lux meter and a sound level meter. Data were analyzed descriptively and compared with applicable standards.

Results: Sungai Kunjang Terminal met the standards for building and space sanitation (82,67%) and sanitation facilities (82,60%), but not for outdoor environmental sanitation (46,03%) and comfort and safety (43,30%). Samarinda Seberang Terminal met the standard only for building and space sanitation (85,33%), while the remaining variables scored below the required threshold. Average lighting intensity at Sungai Kunjang Terminal (56,67 lux) did not meet the standard, whereas Samarinda Seberang Terminal (104,65 lux) generally met the standard. Noise levels at both terminals remained below the permissible limit of 70 dB.

Conclusion: The sanitation quality of both terminals has not yet fully met applicable standards. The main deficiencies were found in outdoor environmental sanitation and comfort and safety, while inadequate sanitation facilities were identified only at Samarinda Seberang Terminal. These findings highlight the need for targeted improvements in terminal sanitation management to support environmental health.

KEYWORDS: Sanitation Facilities; Sanitation Inspections; Noise; Lighting; Terminals