Profiling of Secondary Metabolites of Endemic Aromatic Rice in Enrekang Variety of Pulut Mandoti Emas (PME)

Abstract

Pulu Mandoti Emas (PME) variety is an endemic rice typical of Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi which has a distinctive taste and fragrant aroma. The fragrant aroma of rice is generally caused by the content of secondary metabolites. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of secondary metabolites by histochemical analysis and GC-MS on the organs of roots, stems, leaves and seeds and to determine the effect of environmental abiotic factors on the production of secondary metabolites in PME rice varieties. The results showed that from histochemical tests on roots, stems and leaves found the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids and lipids in the epidermis, cortex, parenchymal tissue and xylem phloem transport vessels. In the results of the GC-MS analysis using the Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) method, it was found that there were compounds suspected to be important volatile compounds that play a role in producing the aroma and taste of PME, namely benzaldehyde, 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, Furan 2-pentyl-, hexanal, nonenal, 2-nonenal, octanal, 1-Octen-3-ol, anethole. This secondary metabolite profile becomes the basis information for further testing of the metabolite biomarkers responsible for producing the distinctive aroma of PME rice