Studi Sosial Ekonomi Pengelolaan Limbah Ternak Sapi sebagai Energi Terbarukan dan Pupuk Organik dalam Kerangka Circular Economy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30872/jfor.v27i2.2627Keywords:
Ekonomi Sirkular, Energi Terbarukan, Limbah Ternak, Pupuk Organik, KeberlanjutanAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji optimalisasi pengelolaan limbah ternak sapi melalui penerapan prinsip ekonomi sirkular untuk menghasilkan energi terbarukan dan pupuk organik sebagai kontribusi terhadap keberlanjutan industri peternakan. Kotoran ternak sapi diolah menggunakan teknologi pencernaan anaerobik (AD) untuk menghasilkan biogas dan digestat yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan metode campuran, yang mengintegrasikan analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dengan fokus pada dampak sosial dan ekonomi dari pengelolaan limbah ternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi AD dapat mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca, khususnya metana, sebesar 80% dan menyediakan sumber energi alternatif yang signifikan bagi peternak. Pupuk organik yang dihasilkan dari residu AD terbukti meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, memperbaiki struktur tanah, serta meningkatkan hasil pertanian. Meskipun demikian, adopsi teknologi ini menghadapi kendala, seperti biaya investasi awal yang tinggi dan terbatasnya pengetahuan teknis di kalangan peternak. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya dukungan kebijakan yang komprehensif, insentif keuangan, serta program pendidikan dan pelatihan untuk mempercepat adopsi teknologi tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan prinsip ekonomi sirkular dalam pengelolaan limbah ternak tidak hanya memberikan manfaat lingkungan yang signifikan, tetapi juga meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi peternak dan keberlanjutan sektor peternakan secara keseluruhan. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini mencakup pengembangan kebijakan yang mendukung investasi dalam teknologi hijau di sektor peternakan, yang sejalan dengan pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDGs).
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