Sustainable Exploration of Mine Water Residuals for Drinking Water Resilience in Jahab, Tenggarong, Kutai Kartanegara Regency
Keywords:
Acid Mine Drainage, BUMdes, Solar power system, Water resilience, WTPAbstract
Mine water residuals (void) represent a potential raw water source for remote communities, such as in Kelurahan Jahab, Kecamatan Tenggarong, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. After more than ten years of inactivity, the former open-pit coal mine site operated by PT Multi Harapan Utama has undergone natural stabilization processes, resulting in neutral pH, low Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and heavy metal concentrations below drinking water quality thresholds. However, laboratory analysis reveals extreme microbiological contamination, with Total Coliform reaching 1,240 MPN/100mL, although E. coli is <20 MPN/100mL. Currently, local residents extract water directly from the void using portable pumps and sell it to other households at IDR 65,000 per 1,500 liters. This practice lacks post-extraction treatment, posing significant risks of recontamination and adverse health impacts. This study aims to design a three-stage hybrid water treatment system—comprising aeration, multistage filtration, and ultraviolet (UV) disinfection—that is effective, affordable, and manageable by a Village-Owned Enterprise (BUMDes). The methodology integrates laboratory analysis, field surveys, in-depth interviews, and engineering design based on localized data. Water quality data were obtained from the official Environmental Laboratory Report by DLHK Kutai Kartanegara. Research findings demonstrate that the hybrid system effectively removes residual particulates, oxidizes volatile organic compounds, and eliminates pathogens without forming carcinogenic Disinfection By-Products (DBPs). Integration of a 2,500-watt solar power system ensures off-grid operation and enhances energy resilience. System sustainability is secured through a community Willingness to Pay (WTP) model ranging from IDR 50,000 to IDR 150,000 per month, transparently managed by BUMDes. These results prove that mine water residuals, once perceived as environmental liabilities, can be transformed into
strategic rinking water assets.
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