Effect of Time and Different Catalysts on Biodiesel Production using Co-Solvent Method
Keywords:
Biodiesel, Catalyst, CO Solvent, CPO, Free Fatty Acid (FFA)Abstract
A major problem in converting Crude Palm Oil (CPO) into biodiesel is typically high free fatty acid (FFA) content, which leads to low conversion efficiency and excessive soap formation during processing. Therefore, this study aims to reduce FFA content and improve biodiesel yield through esterification using an H₂SO₄ catalyst and methanol, which aims to convert free fatty acids into esters, followed by transesterification with the NaOH catalyst that aims to convert triglycerides into esters. Variations in catalyst concentrations are treated in order to compare the effectiveness of acid catalysts that work to reduce acid numbers (FFA%). The results of this study are samples with NaOH catalyst (120 minutes) produced biodiesel with the lowest ALB content (0.31%), compared with samples with KOH catalyst that had higher ALB levels (1.5% - 4.5%).
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