Journal Information Journal Title: Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis Abbreviation: JPLTrop ISSN: 2654-2501 (Online) DOI Prefix: 10.30872/jpltrop Publisher: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University Country: Indonesia Publication Language: English Publication Frequency: Twice a year Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis (JPLTrop) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Mulawarman, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The journal disseminates research findings, scientific studies, and academic contributions in the field of animal science and livestock production, particularly in tropical environments. The journal provides a forum for researchers, academics, students, practitioners, and other stakeholders to share scientific knowledge, research results, innovations, and perspectives that contribute to the development of sustainable and productive livestock systems in tropical regions. Publication Frequency Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis (JPLTrop) is published twice a year, in March and September. The journal publishes original research articles and scientific contributions that are relevant to the journal's focus and scope and have passed the editorial and peer-review processes. Focus and Scope Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis welcomes scientific contributions covering various areas of animal science and livestock production, including: Animal Livestock Production Animal Nutrition and Feed Animal Product Technology Animal Reproduction and Breeding Animal Livestock Environment Animal Livestock Health Animal Food Safety and Security Socio-Economics of Animal Husbandry Livestock Agribusiness and Management Sustainable Livestock Production Tropical Livestock Systems Livestock Biotechnology and Innovation Peer Review Process All submitted manuscripts are evaluated through an editorial screening and double-blind peer-review process. Reviewers evaluate manuscripts based on their scientific quality, originality, methodological rigor, relevance, and contribution to the development of animal science and livestock production. Publication History Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis was first published in Volume 1, Number 1, 2018. Since its establishment, the journal has served as a scientific communication platform for researchers, academics, students, and practitioners in animal science and related fields. Join Our Scientific Community We invite researchers, academics, practitioners, students, and other stakeholders to contribute their scientific works, research findings, and innovative ideas through Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis (JPLTrop).
PHENOTYPE DIVERSITY AND REPRODUCTIVE STATUS OF FEMALE ETTAWA (PE) BREEDINGS IN LIVESTOCK TRADERS IN SAMARINDA CITY
The most common ruminants kept by the people of Samarinda are the Ettawa Peranakan (PE) goat. The Ettawa Peranakan Goat (PE) is one of the local goats that is well knowen in Indonesia, one of whichis in East Kalimantan. Body weight is one measure of livestock productivity, body weight can be used as a new selection of seeds. This study aims to determine the diversity of Ettawa cross-breed (PE) goat identities in collecting traders, to see the status of feamale Ettawa cross-breed (PE) goats in collecting traders in Samarinda city. The data used in this research are primary data. Primary data is obtained directly from direct interviews with owners and by conducting field observations. The collection of data used in the study, namely: Bust, Length, Shoulder Height ang Weight. Using the side purposive method, determining, the area of East Kalimantan, there is a population of ettawa peranakan goats. Determining the research location in the city of Samarinda, variables, use in this study are the main variables in and the supporting variables. The analisysis used in this research is qualitative an quantitative analysisi, descriptive analysis and regression equation analysis. The results showed that the first msting age was 11.17±1.37 months, the average service per conception was 1.0±0.50 months, and pos partum was 1.78±0.45 months. The mean an standard deviations values of circumference were 75.16 ±6.74, body 69.63±7.01, shoulder height 71.69±5.97, and body weight 38.6±7.67 kg. Based on the Analysis of the data obtained from the research results, it can be concluded that: Phenotypc diversity of female Ettawa (PE) crossbred goats in Northa Samarinda and Samarinda Ulu has diversity coefficient values of diversity, namely shoulder height, body length, and chest circumference had the coefficient of variability, respectively, namely 71%, 78% and 79%.
Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis
GENETIK DIVERSITY BASED ON MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF JAWARANDU GOATS IN NORTH SAMARINDA DISTRIC
Goats are one of the local domestic small ruminant that have develoment prospects as milk and meat producers and are popular with the community because of the traditional rearing system and good adaptation to an enviroment. The study was aimed to determine the diversity based on the morphometric characteristic of Jawarandu goats in North Samarinda District and to know the characteristics of jawarandu goats in North Samarinda District. The sampling technique was purposive sampling, namaly a specific sampling technique. The determination of the sample goat respondents was carried out with the criteria of goats age 12-24 months, with total samples of 72 heads consisting of 36 buck dan 36 ewe. The data was collected quantitative characteristics including: body wight, body length, shoulder height, and chest circumference of jawarandu goats in North Samarinda. The data was collected analyzed using the Independent T test. The result was showed that there were significant differences in body size in buck and ewe jawarandu goats. Chest circumference with t-count value-1.778< t-table 1.99 with a significant value of 0.019> 0.05, body length t-count value 3.439> t-table 1.99 with a significant value of 0.042>0.05, body weight has no effect with t- count value 0.684< t-table 1.99 with a significant value of 0.000< t-table 1.99 with a significant value of 0.008>0.05. The equation of body size of the jawarandu goat includes body length, shoulder height, chest circumference and the buck goat equation is Y=-30.681+0.985 PB, Y=- 48.032+ 1.191 TP, Y=-62.968+1.381 LD, while the ewe goats Y=-17.226+1.072 PB, Y=-36.34+1.092 TP, Y=-61.85+1.371 LD. The phenotypic characteristics of buck and ewe jawarandu goats obtained varied characteristics of coat color, convex face, and long drooping ears. Morphometrics in male and female jawarandu goats have differences in body size, namely the chest circumference has an average male 72,86±4,80 cm and females 74,53±2,93 cm, the average body length of male is 69,08±6,31 cm and female 64,78±4,06 cm, male average shoulder height 71,53±4,63 cm and female 70,22±3,07 cm, male body weight average 37,17±7,91 kg and female 36,10±4,26 kg.
CORRELATION OF LIVESTOCKS PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS TO SELLING PRICE JAWARANDU GOATS IN SAMARINDA CITY EAST KALIMANTAN
Performance which is assessed as a determinant of the selling price is seen from body measurements. The better the performance condition of the livestock, the higher the price. This research aims to determine the performance characteristics of goats sold and traded at the level of goat breeders and traders, and to determine the performance correlation in determining the selling price of Jawarandu goats in North Samarinda District. This research was conducted from November 2020 to February 2021 in North Samarinda District. The research used a survey method conducted in North Samarinda District. The sampling method at the research location is the total sampling method. Data collection includes performance measurements (shoulder height, chest circumference, body length, horn length, ear length, and body weight calculation). Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that performance (chest circumference, body length, shoulder height, horn length, ear length, and body weight) has a correlation coefficient value of the selling price of Jawarandu goats in sequence 0.714; 0.635; 0.686; 0.562; 0.458; 0.810. These results indicate that body weight (r = 0.810) has the highest correlation coefficient compared to the performance of other goats because body weight strongly influences the selling price of Jawarandu goats.
CORRELATION OF PHENOTYPE DIVERSITY TO DETERMINING SELLING PRICES OF INDONESIAN LOCAL GOATS IN SAMARINDA CITY
The phenotype of livestock can describe the quality of livestock which will affect the selling value of the livestock in the market. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of phenotypic characteristics on the selling price of Indonesian local goats in the city of Samarinda. The study used male goats aged 1 to 2 years. The number of samples in this study were 114 male goats and 16 respondents. The method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis and correlation analysis. The breeds of goats traded in the city of Samarinda are Jawarandu goats, Etawah hybrids and Kacang goats. The results of multiple linear regression analysis of the variables that have a significant effect on the selling price, namely the length of the horn with a significance of 0.006 > 0.05 have a significant effect on the selling price. Based on the correlation analysis, the degree of relationship between the inner R value of the Jawarandu goat, which is 0.665, means that chest circumference, body length, gumba height and horn length have a strong correlation to the selling price. Etawah crossbreed goats have a correlation R of 0.806 in the sense that it has a very strong correlation to the selling price. Peanut goat has a very strong correlation to the selling price with an R value of 1,000.
Analisis Kesejahteraan Hewan Ternak Sapi Bali (Bos sondaicus) pada Proses Transportasi dari Kota Kupang Menuju Kota Samarinda
Kesejahteraan hewan merupakan suatu kepedulian yang dilakukan oleh manusia dengan tujuan untuk memberikan kenyamanan kehidupan bagi hewan. Proses transportasi hewan harus dilakukan dengan baik dan benar agar memenuhi aspek kesejahteraan hewan. Sarana dan pra sarana dalam proses transportasi ternak harus memadai agar ternak terhindar dari stress yang akan memengaruhi tingkat laku ternak seperti mengeluarkan suara dan performa ternak seperti memar dan penyusutan bobot badan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase ternak mengeluarkan suara selama proses transportasi, memar dan penyusutan bobot badan ternak. Data yang telah diperoleh dianalisis statistik deskriptif dan dihitung dalam bentuk persentase (%). Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan persentase sebanyak 12 % atau 6 ekor sapi mengeluarkan suara, persentase memar sebanyak 16 % atau 8 ekor dan persentase penyusutan bobot badan sebanyak 16,3 % atau 35,32 kg. Disimpulkan bahwa proses transportasi ternak dari Kota Kupang menuju Kota Samarinda karena persentase mengeluarkan suara ternak, memar pada ternak dan penyusutan bobot badan yang melebihi standar.
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis
Kadar Lemak dan Organoleptik Rendang Dengan Penggunaan Serat Krim sebagai Substitusi Santan
The study aims to determine the uses of fibercreme as a substitute for coconut milk with different concentrations on the analysis of fat content and organoleptic acceptability of rendang. The study used a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. The data obtained was analyzed using variance (ANOVA) to determine differences between treatments and further analyzed using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The study showed that the treatment of using fibercreme as a substitute for coconut milk with different concentrations in rendang had no significant effect on the color test for the brightness value of L*, had a significant effect on the redness of a*, and had no significant effect on the value of yellowness of b*. The results of the study showed that the organoleptic quality was significantly different (P<0.05) on the hedonic color and taste scale, and was not significantly different in aroma and texture while the hedonic quality was significantly different in color and texture, and not significantly different in aroma and taste. The fat content test using Soxhlet extraction showed significantly different results. The highest fat content was found in P3 while the lowest fat content was found in P1.
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereuspolyrizus) sebagai Pewarna pada Sosis Daging Ayam
This study aimed to determine the use of red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) as a natural dye in chicken sausages. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD). The factor in this study was the extraction time (hours) consisting of 4 treatments, namely 8 hours (P1), 9 hours (P2), 10 hours (P3), and 11 hours (P), and was repeated 4 times. Based on the results of this study, it is known that there is no significant effect on the extraction time of dragon fruit with the color, aroma, and taste of chicken sausage. Still, there is an effect on chicken sausage's elasticity level, and the longer the extraction time, the lower the whiteness degree because the extraction time or immersion in ethanol is meager. Based on the results of the research that has been done, chicken meat sausage with red dragon fruit peel extract has a red color intensity value ranging from 4.78 to 6.82, with a red color intensity value of control sausage at 4.46. This proves that the addition of red dragon fruit peel extract increased the intensity of the red color of the chicken meat sausage produced.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Sapi dan Jarak Tanam yang Berbeda terhadap Pertumbuhan Rumput Gajah Varietas Pakchong (Pennisetum purpureum cv. pakchong)
Pakchong elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. pakchong) is a forage fodder that is currently being intensively cultivated in cattle farming, fattening and nurseries, so it has the potential to be developed. Increased production of Pakchong Elephant Grass can be done by applying manure with proper fertilization and spacing. The experiment used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Parameters observed were plant height, leaf width, number of leaves, leaf length, dry weight balance of leaves and stems. The application of cow manure manure at a dose of 72 kg plot1 had a better effect, better spacing of 80 x 150 cm/treatment There was an interaction between the application of cow manure and plant spacing on the growth and production of Pennisetum purpureum cv. Pakchong. Fertilizer application of 72 kg plot-1 and spacing of 80 x 150 cm gave the best results.
Suplementasi Fermentasi Probiotik dengan Campuran Kunyit pada Air Minum Broiler sebagai Pengganti AGP
The prohibition on the use of Antibiotic Growth Promoters has been regulated in Law No. 18/2009 and supplemented by Law No. 41/2014 concerning Animal Health Farming Article 22 Paragraph 4C. Since the confirmation of the ban on the use of AGP, chickens have experienced a digestive health crisis. Turmeric is an herbal plant often found in Indonesia, generally used as additional feed for raising chickens. This study aims to determine the effect of providing probiotic fermentation with a mixture of turmeric on the value of ration consumption, body weight gain, ration conversion, and performance index. The research method used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replications for each treatment, including P0 = 0% (control), P1 = 0.37% probiotics, P2 = 0.75% probiotics, and P3 = 1.5%. The results showed that probiotic fermentation with a mixture of turmeric as a substitute for AGP had a significant effect (P<0.05) on all variables. Based on the variable averages, the best results were obtained in the P2 treatment which included the highest average feed consumption (2269.6 g/head/4 weeks), the highest average body weight gain (1723.6 g/head/4 weeks), the average performance index (IP) was the highest (467), and the average feed conversion (FCR) was the lowest (1.32). It was concluded that giving probiotic fermentation with a mixture of turmeric in treatment P2 by 0.75% could increase feed consumption, increase in body weight, IP value and reduce the FCR value optimally.
Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis
Profil Produksi Hijauan Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) di Universitas Jember Kampus Bondowoso
This study aims to determine the profile of elephant grass production at different cutting ages, elephant grass productivity and forage capacity at the University of Jember, Bondowoso Campus. This study used the RAL method, with 3 treatments and 5 replications for each treatment at the cutting age of 40 days, 50 days and 60 days. Analysis used ANOVA diversity, further tests were carried out using DMRT. Parameters observed were characteristic profiles (plant height, number of leaves, leaf height, leaf width, number of tillers and fresh weight production), fresh production during the rainy season and livestock carrying capacity. The results showed that different cutting ages at the age of 60 days got the best results, namely plant height 425.90 cm, number of leaves 16.65 cm, leaf length 117.25 cm, leaf width 4.70 cm, and number of tillers 2.60 cm. Elephant grass production on livestock study program land during the rainy season at the age of 40 days was 8.38 tons/ha, 50 days old was 13.81 tons/ha and 60 days old was 14.58 tons/ha and the livestock population was 17.025 st.
Perbedaan Performa Pertumbuhan Ayam Broiler Fase Starter Berdasarkan Penambahan Kombinasi Jenis Antikoksi Yang Berbeda
This study aimed to analyze the differences between 2 feeds containing a combination of anti-oxidants P1 (monensin + diclazuril) and P2 (maduramycin + nicarbazine) on growth performance (feed consumption, PBB, FCR, mortality, and performance index) in starter phase broiler chickens. The analysis used in this research is the T-test (independent sample t-test) which consists of 2 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed that the administration of P1 had a significant effect (P<0.05) on all research variables. Based on the best average results occurred in P1, namely the administration of the anti-oxidant monensin + diclazuril which included the highest average feed consumption results of 1021.03 g/head/3 weeks, the highest average body weight gain of 822.30 g/head/3 weeks. The lowest average feed conversion ratio is 1.24, the lowest average mortality result is 1.04 and the highest average performance index value is 313.99. It is concluded that feeding a combination of the antioxidant monensin + diclazuril provided good performance in terms of feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, mortality, and performance index in starter-phase broiler chickens. This is an open-access article under the CC–BY-SA license.
OBSERVATION OF CHANGES IN PHYSICAL PROPERTIES IN THE LONGISSIMUS DORSI MUSCLE IN POST-SLAUGHTER CATTLE DURING COLD STORAGE (DISPLAY)
Changes in physical properties that are usually found in beef are changes in the pH value of post- slaughter cattle, where the pH of beef is 5.4-5.7. Value of water holding capacity (DIA) / water holding capacity, namely water that is bound by the ability of meat. Cooking loss is an indicator that determines the nutritional value of meat where the weight of the meat is calculated based on the weight of the meat lost during cooking/heating. Color, where meat that has good quality and is most preferred by consumers is meat that has a bright red color. The meat or muscle of Longissimus Dorsi before being processed further, the first thing to do is the meat is taken from the Slaughterhouse (RPH). The meat is put in a box, then put in a refrigerator at 40C. This study was conducted to determine changes in physical properties that occur in meat. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University on 12-18 April 2021. The research experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and four replications. The data were analyzed using variance (ANOVA) and further tested using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (UJBD). This study showed that beef that the pH value was significantly different in each treatment (p<0.05). The cooking loss value was significantly different in each treatment, the brightness value was significantly different in each treatment, the red color value was significantly different in each treatment, and the water holding value showed no significant difference in each treatment (p>0.05).
REPRODUCTIVE EVALUATION PERFORMANCE OF TWIN BIRTHS JAWARANDU GOATS IN LEMPAKE VILLAGE NORTH SAMARINDA
Goat is one of the most potential livestock commodities to be developed with relatively low business investment requirements and fast business capital turnover. Jawarandu goat is a dual-purpose goat species that has been cultivated quite a lot by breeders in Indonesia and is known as a goat that produces the best quality meat and can produce quite high amount of milk. This study aims to determine the productivity of female Jawarandu goats based on the length of the estrus cycle, the mating rate per pregnancy (S/C) and the time interval from one calving time to the next calving (kidding interval). This research was conducted using goat farms in Lempake Village, North Samarinda District, Samarinda City. The sampling process was carried out using purposive sampling method with the data obtained were analyzed descriptively before the conclusions was drawn. The results showed that the reproductive status showed in the form of estrus cycle which lasted 22 days, the S/C value which was relatively normal and the kidding interval that lasted 208 days also the litter size value was 2. This showed that the reproductive performance of female Jawarandu goats born with twins was quite good, so that the reproductive potential can be achieved optimally.
Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis
The Effect Of Temperature And Humidity On Swallow's Nest Production In Engkuni Pasek Village, West Kutai Regency
The research aims to determine the effect of temperature and humidity on the production of swallow's nest in Engkuni Pasek village, West Kutai regency, East Kalimantan. The research was conducted in March 2020, in Engkuni Pasek Village, the parameters measured included temperature and humidity measurements to determine the production of swallow's nest. The results showed that the temperature and humidity swallow's nest to the production of swallow's nest, namely in building A the temperature ranges from 25- 32 are known oC, building B 25-31 oC, building C 25-34 oC, building D 25-34 oC, building E 25-32 oC and building F 27-30 oC. building A has humidity ranging from 72-78%, building B 88-25%, building C 91-99%, building D 76-86%, building E 77-99% and building F 82-99%. The average yields of swallow nest production per year in building A are 327.5; building B, namely 195; building C, namely 285; building D, namely 165; building E is 637.5 and building F is 187.5. where it can be seen that the highest swallow production results are in building E, namely 637.5 which has a high enough humidity of ± 95% and a temperature of ± 32 oC while the lowest production is in building D which is 165 which has good humidity ± 86% and a temperature of ± 34 oC. From the research it can be concluded that temperature and humidity have no effect on the production of swallow's nest.
Tingkat Pengetahuan Peternak dan Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Jarak Kandang dengan Pemukiman di Peternakan Aufa Wijaya Farm
This research aimed to determine the level of farmer's knowledge regarding livestock management, specifically the distance between cowsheds and settlements, and to understand the perceptions of residents living within a maximum radius of 250 meters from the farm. Respondents were required to have a minimum of 10 cattle in the farm. The study found that the level of knowledge of farmers at Aufa Wijaya Farm regarding the distance between cowshed and settlements was high, as evaluated from their understanding of the minimum distance between cowshed and the settlement, cowshed construction, and the impact of livestock waste. Moreover, the study revealed that the perception of the community living within the cattle farm's radius was not significantly affected. This is attributed to the positive economic impact brought by the farm, such as job opportunities, as well as positive social aspects. During the Idul Adha feast, Aufa Wijaya Farm conducts animal sacrifices and distributes the meat evenly to the surrounding community.
Changes in Physical Properties of Vastus Lateralis Muscle in Bali Beef PostMortem at Slaughterhouse (RPH) Tanah Merah Samarinda
Beef is one of the animal foods needed by consumers, but the quality of the meat can affect its physical properties. The purpose of this study was to observe the physical properties of beef seen from the post-mortem process and to determine the changes that occurred in Bali beef in terms of different shelf life. The method used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replications which were analyzed using variance (ANOVA). The results of testing the physical properties of bali beef after slaughtering are pH values ranging from 6.5 to 6.3 and cooking loss values from 21.41 to 26.76%. Treatment of physical properties of Balinese beef with different shelf life is the best treatment, because it has a pH value of meat with a significant difference due to changes in muscle glycogen to lactic acid so that it experiences a low pH value with a high cooking loss value and is damaged in muscle tissue structure in beef from the vastus lateralis muscle.
Pemanfataan Tepung Jagaq ( Setaria italica) Sebagai Subsitusi Tepung Tapioka Terhadap Kualitas Fisik dan Organoleptik Bakso Sapi
The study was conducted to determine the effects of Jagaq (Setaria italica) flour filler as a substitute for tapioca flour on the physical and organoleptic quality of beef meatballs. The parameters measured include water holding capacity test, pH test, mass loss test, texture test using a texture analyzer, and color test using the Hunter Lab Colorimeter test tool. Organoleptic quality includes the hedonic scale and hedonic qualities of color, flavor, texture, tenderness, and taste. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University in September 2023. The research experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments with five replications.. The results of research on physical tests showed that beef meatballs with the addition of Jagaq flour had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the Water Holding Capacity (WHC) value, pH, texture, and color brightness (L*) and yellowish color (b*). The results of the organoleptic research had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the hedonic scale and hedonic quality of flavour, texture, tenderness, and taste.
CONTENT OF HEAVY METAL IN CALOPOGONIUN MUCUNOIDES PLANTED AT RECLAMATION LAND OF POST COAL MINING PT. KITADIN EMBALUT, KUTAI KARTANEGARA
Calopogonium mucunoides is one of the plants used in the post-mining land reclamation process at PT. Kitadin Embalut. The plant belonging to the leguminous group is projected to be used as beef cattle feed in several livestock areas around the post-mining site. The location of C. mucunoides planting makes it necessary to analyze the heavy metal content in plants so that they are safe for consumption by livestock. This study aims to determine the heavy metal content of legumes in C. mucunoides grown on post-coal mining reclamation land in 3-months-old open land and 6-years old shaded land owned by PT. Kitadin Embalut Kutai Kartanegara. This research was compiled using descriptive method by comparing the average heavy metal content in the legume C. muconoides grown on the two types of land with different ages. The results showed that the levels of heavy metals Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu in C. mucunoides legumes planted on open land post-coal mining reclamation at the age of 3 months and on shaded land at the age of 6 years were still below the maximum allowable tolerance, so it is safe for used as livestock feed.
Comparative analysis of the production of stenotaphrum secundatum, and brachiaria humidicola that grows in the shade and without the shade in post-mining reclamation land
The study aims to find out the tolerance of Stenotaphrum secundatum grass and Brachiaria humidicola to tree shade, as well as the condition of post-mining land that is suitable for grazing type grass. The experiment was used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) of separate plot patterns (split plots), with four treatments of six repeats. The data was obtained were then analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The treatment of tree shade exerts an influence on the growth of stenophrum grass type secudatum with the highest production of fresh weight 211 g m-2, dry weight 47 g m-2, balance weight of stem and leaves 3.09, number of samples 7 pols, and plant height 32.4 cm. Brachiaria humidicola grass type treatment shows a real influence on the treatment of planting on open land, providing a fresh weight production value of 214 g m-2, dry matter 73.6 g m-2, a balance of leaf and stems weight of 4.39, and the number of saplings of 9 pols.
Kualitas Fisik Limbah Buah Lai (Durio kutejenesis) Hasil Fermentasi Sebagai Bahan Baku Pakan Ternak Ruminansia
This study aims to determine the impact of fermentation with several different types of microbial starters on the physical quality of lai fruit waste (Durio kutejensis). Lai fruit is an endemic plant from East Kalimantan Province whose waste consists of skin and seeds after humans have consumed the pulp. Lai fruit waste can pollute the environment if not managed properly. Fermentation is a feed processing technology that improves nutritional quality and increases shelf life. The types of microbial starters used in the fermentation of lai fruit waste in this study were Aspergillus niger, Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM4), and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Fermentation was carried out for 21 days under anaerobic conditions. Parameters observed in the physical quality test included: degree of acidity (pH), fermentation temperature, texture, color, shrinkage, aroma, and percentage of fungus. Data were analyzed with a complete randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, including P1: fermented lai fruit waste without microbial starter, then for P2, P3, and P4 added different microbial starters A.niger, E. microorganisms 4 and P. chrysosporium. This study concluded that the addition of microbial starters in the fermentation of lai fruit waste produced the best physical quality when compared to the control (P1). Fermented lai fruit waste has the potential to be used as a raw material for ruminant feed.
Analysis of Broiler Chicken Production Performance Strain COBB 500 and COBB 700 in the Starter Phase in PT DMC Malang Closed House
The success of broiler farming can be seen from the appearance or production performance. One of the factors that can affect production performance is strain. Selection of the right strain can affect the efficiency of broiler production. The purpose of this study was to analyze the production performance of broiler strains Cobb 500 and Cobb 700 in the starter phase at PT Dinamika Megatama Citra. This research was conducted in October 2023 - May 2024. This research was conducted in a broiler farm with a closed house cage system. The location of this research was located in the internal farm of PT Dinamika Megatama Citra, Bocek Village, Karang Ploso District, Malang Regency, East Java. Variables observed in the study include feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), index performance (IP) and mortality. The data obtained in this study will be analyzed using independent t test. The results showed the feed intake of strain Cobb 500 (1221 g/head/3 weeks) was higher than strain Cobb 700 (1209 g/head/3 weeks), body weight gain of strain Cobb 500 (985 g/head/3 weeks) was higher than strain Cobb 700 (938 g/head/3 weeks), FCR strain Cobb 500 (1.20) is lower than strain Cobb 700 (1.24), index performance strain Cobb 500 (389) is higher than strain Cobb 700 (360) while for the death rate or mortality of strain Cobb 500 (4.5%) is not significantly different from strain Cobb 700.
Identifikasi Prevalensi Telur Cacing pada Feses Sapi Bali (Bos sondaicus) di Kecamatan Samarinda Utara
This research was conducted to identify the prevalence of worm eggs in cattle and what types of worms infected the cattle in Samarinda City as well as various factors that influence the occurrence of worms. Eighty-six samples of cattle feces were collected from North Samarinda District. Feces were examined using floatation and sedimentation methods. The results showed that the prevalence of worms in the North Samarinda district was 42%. The worm species found in Bali cattle are Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Toxocara vitulorum, Trichostrongylus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola sp, and Paramphistomum sp. The level of infection is known from the calculation of Eggs Per Gram (EPG). The prevalence of worm infections in Bali cattle can be caused by various factors, namely geographical location, environmental conditions, quality of livestock pens, sanitation and hygiene, the density of cages, temperature, humidity, and vegetation.
COMMUNITY’S PERCEPTION OF THE EXISTENCE OF THE SWALLOW HOUSE IN PASAR PAGI VILLAGE
Livestock business in Indonesia has a rapid development, one of which is swallow farming. Swallow is one of the nest-producing birds with high economic value, so cultivating swallows has great prospects. However, the rampant construction of swiftlet houses has both positive and negative impacts on the community. This study aims to analyze how the public's perception of the swallow house building in Pasar Pagi sub-district, Samarinda Kota, Samarinda. The research method used in this study is a Likert Scale. The results of this study indicate that the existence of a swallow house that stands in a community settlement makes most people in the Pasar Pagi village feel very disturbed by the presence of a swallow house in their neighborhood.
Effect of soaking chicken intestines with betel leaf extract (piper betel) on physical quality, organoleptic and total bacteria
The research aims to find out the effect of soaking Betel leaf extract was completely on different levels of physical and chicken intestines’organoleptic qualities. The research used Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with five treatments and five replications (P 0 = control; P1 = soaking of chicken intestines with 10% betel leaf extract; P2= soaking of chicken intestines with 20% betel leaf extract; P3= soaking of chicken intestines with 30% betel leaf extract, and P4= soaking of chicken intestines with 40% betel leaf extract. The number of microbes in chicken intestines was analyzed using Total Plate Count (TPC). The pH values and cooking loss of chicken intestines soaked in Betel leaf extract at different levels showed an indefinable difference (p>0.05). Soaking chicken intestines in Betel leaf extract at different levels showed a noticeable influence (p<0.05) on organoleptic quality (colour, odour, texture and taste). Soaking the chicken intestine with beteindefinablect at different levels decreases the concentration of the number of bacteria, affected the organoleptic quality (colour, aroma, texture, taste) and total bacteria, but does not affect the physical quality.
PERSEPSI PETERNAK SAPI POTONG TERHADAP PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI BIOGAS DI KECAMATAN PASER BELENGKONG KABUPATEN PASER
Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mengetahui persepsi peternak dalam pemanfaatan teknologi biogas dan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara persepsi dengan tingkat penerapan teknologi biogas. Pemilihan kelompok ternak dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling dan pengambilan responden dengan teknik proprotionate random sampling dengan jumlah 27 orang. Persepsi peternak diukur dengan delapan indikator dengan menggunakan skala likert. Pengujian untuk mengetahui tingkat penerapan peternak terhadapteknologi biogas diukur dari empat indikator tingkat penerapan teknologi biogas. Untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara persepsi peternak dan penerapan teknologi biogas digunakan analisis Chikuadrat ( ᵪ 2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi peternak terhadap teknologi biogas menunjukan persepsi yang positif dan nilai tingkat penerapan yang positif, hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai ᵪ 2 hitung sebesar 3,14 dan nilai ini lebih besar dari pada nilai ᵪ 2 tabel 2,920. Sehingga ᵪ 2 hitung ≥ dari ᵪ 2 tabel (0,05), maka Ha diterima H0 ditolak. Persepsi peternak terhadap teknologi biogas positif, tingkat penerapan teknologi biogas oleh peternak positif, dan terdapat hubungan persepsi peternak dengan tingkat penerapan teknologi biogas.
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Peningkatan Populasi Ternak Ruminansia di Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara Berdasarkan Potensi Hijauan Pakan
Sebagian wilayah Kabupaten PPU telah ditetapkan menjadi ibukota Republik Indonesia yang baru. Konsekuensi dari terbentuknya ibukota ini akan mengalami peningkatan penduduk yang sangat cepat, sehingga kebutuhan pangan di wilayah ini menjadi prioritas, termasuk bahan pangan asal ternak. Bahan pangan asal ternak yang kritis ketersediaannya di wilayah ini adalah yang berasal dari ternak ruminansia, oleh sebab itu perencanaan pengembangan ternak ruminansia di Kabupaten PPU menjadi penting. Untuk menentukan wilayah pengembangan ternak ruminansia di Kabupaten PPU perlu ditinjau keberadaan hijauan pakan di masing-masing kecamatan, diantaranya adalah sumber hijauan pakan beserta produksinya, kapasitas tampung hijauan pakan di setiap kecamatan, KPPTR, IDD hijauan pakan, IKT, dan LQ jenis ternak ruminansia yang dapat dikembangkan di amsing-masing kecamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh kecamatan di Kabupaten PPU memiliki potensi untuk mengembangkan ternak ruminansia. Hal ini ditinjau dari kapasitas tampung hijauan pakan, IDD hijauan pakan, dan KPPTR. Namun demikian, wilayah yang menjadi prioritas pengembangan ternak ruminansia di Kabupaten PPU adalah Kecamatan Penajam dan Kecamatan Sepaku, karena IKT kedua kecamatan ini > 1.
The Effect of Adding Local Microorganisms in Cow Rumen as a Starter on the Organoleptic Quality and pH Value of Fermented Coffee Skin Waste (Coffe Sp)
This research aims to determine the organoleptic quality which includes color, texture, aroma and pH value of coffee skin waste after fermentation using 4 treatments as follows P0: 5 kg Coffee Skin Waste (Control), P1: P0 + 10% Rice Bran + Molasses 3% + MOL cow rumen 25 ml, P2 : P0 + Rice Bran 10% + Molasses 3% + MOL cow rumen 35 ml, P3 : P0 + Rice Bran 10% + Molasses 3% + MOL cow rumen 45 ml, with long fermentation 14 and 21 days, then organoleptic testing using 20 panelists. This research was carried out using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications, if there was a significant effect (P<0.05) followed by the DMRT test. The results of the study showed that 14 days of fermentation with different doses of MOL showed that the results had a significant effect (P<0.05) on organoleptic tests. The best results for color and aroma tests were shown in the P3 treatment, the dose (45 ml) of which was given the highest MOL compared to other treatments, whereas in The best texture test results were obtained at P0 dose (0 ml). In the pH test, the results obtained did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on the pH value, while 21 days of fermentation with different doses of MOL showed that the results had a significant effect (P<0,05) on the organoleptic test with the color and color test results. The aroma was shown at P3 with the highest dose of MOL compared to other treatments, while in the texture test the best results were obtained at P0, the best pH value was at P3 with the lowest pH result of 4.5. The conclusion of this research is that the best treatment is P3 and the fermentation time is 21 days.
Integrasi Ternak Sapi dan Ubi Kayu dalam Mendukung Bioindustri di Kalimantan Timur
Salah satu Kabupaten di Kalimantan Timur yaitu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, khususnya di kecamatan Tenggarong Seberang, ubi kayu biasanya hanya digunakan sebagai pakan ternak dan bahan pangan tradisional setelah beras dan jagung. Harga ubi kayu sangat fluktuatif dan tidak memberikan keuntungan yang memadai bagi petani. Pengembangan pertanian bioindustri menjadi ubi kayu sebagai tanaman utama dan ternak, dengan melakukan budidaya ubi kayu yang memiliki produktivitas yang tinggi. Umbi ubi kayu dapat digunakan untuk pembuatan tepung mocaf, selanjutnya tepung mocaf digunakan untuk mensubstitusi tepung terigu dalam pembuatan produk-produk olahan. Hasil samping dari pengolahan tepung mocaf berupa daun dan kulit dikategorikan sebagai biomasa dapat digunakan untuk berbagai kebutuhan seperti bahan baku industri, pakan ternak, pupuk organik, bahan bakar (biogas), dan lainnya yang dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomis. Pada saat panen, limbah ini sangat berlimpah dan belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Pengembangan sapi potong dengan pola integrasi sapi-ubi kayu dapat berkembang dengan baik yang pada akhirnya akan memberikan dampak ekonomi bagi peternak yakni peningkatan kesejahteraan, dan tentunya ramah lingkungan.
Organoleptic quality and antioxidant levels kefir derived from goat milk with the addition of different levels of red dragon fruit (hylocereus polyrhizus) juice
This study aims to determine the organoleptic quality and antioxidant content of kefir milk derived from goat milk and added red dragon fruit juice with different levels. Organoleptic testing and antioxidant activity test were treated with P0 (milk kefir without treatment), P1 (milk kefir with the addition of 15% dragon fruit juice), P2 (milk kefir with the addition of 30% red dragon fruit juice), and P4 (milk kefir with the addition of red dragon fruit juice) red dragon fruit 45%). The data was obtained then analyzed using Completely Randomized Design Variety Analysis (CRD). The results of the hedonic test and hedonic quality of colour, aroma, taste on milk kefir that the panelists preferred were kefir milk with the addition of 45% red dragon fruit juice. The addition of red dragon fruit juice to milk kefir can affect the quality of colour, aroma, and taste. The colour, aroma, and taste of milk kefir that the panellists liked were: milk kefir with the addition of 45% dragon fruit juice. The highest antioxidant activity of milk kefir at 79.24% was produced by adding 45% dragon fruit juice.
Test for Differences in Physical and Organoleptic Properties Between Pork Added with Borax and Pork Soaked in Beef Blood
This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with four repetitions. Differences in pH and meat color will be explained using ANOVA and difference tests using 5% BNT Test analysis. Based on the research results obtained in testing the differences in organoleptic physical properties between pork added with borax and pork soaked in beef blood, it can be concluded that: Soaking meat with beef blood and borax in pork has an insignificant effect on physical quality (color and pH). pork. Pork meat soaked in beef blood and the addition of borax for organoleptic hedonic quality showed that the color results were not significantly different. Meanwhile, the organoleptic hedonic scale showed that the results were not significantly different in color. The color test for pork added with borax and beef blood at the L* and b* values was not significantly different, while the a* value showed significantly different results when adding and soaking beef blood and borax
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